The merchants had to pass through many kingdoms and forests. They had fear of being robbed while passing through forests. These were the problems encountered by the then merchants. There is no exaggeration if we say that some of the these problems still exist today.

What are the problems faced by merchants?

Problems encountered by merchants

• Merchants had to pass many kingdoms and forests.
• Travelled in caravans.
• They had to carry goods on the back of camels, donkeys, and horses.
• Their goods were looted frequently.
• Competition with European traders.

Why do you think towns grew around temples?

Towns grew around temples because temples were central to economy and society. Temple authorities used their wealth to finance trade and banking. Also, the large number of pilgrims provided ample opportunities for traders and artisans to conduct business.

Why did people from distant lands visit Surat?

People from distant lands visited Surat mainly due to its textile markets. Surat textiles were famous for its ‘zari’ work which had markets in Africa, West Asia and Europe. Many traders came to Surat to trade in its textiles. Secondly, Surat was a port town and hence was a gateway for trade with West Asia.

What purpose did small towns serve?

There were also streets for different kinds of artisans such as potters, oil pressers, sugar market toddy makers, etc. Many traders came from far and near to these towns to buy local articles and sell products of distant places such as salt camphor horses, etc.

How did the Temple communicate the importance of a king?

How did a temple communicate the importance of a king? Answer: Temples were constructed as places of worship and are meant to demonstrate the power, wealth and devotion of the patron. The temples were miniature models of the world ruled by the king and his allies.

Why did people from distant lands visit Surat any 5 points?

People from distant lands visited Surat mainly due to its textile markets. Many traders came to Surat to trade in its textiles. Secondly, Surat was a port town and hence was a gateway for trade with West Asia. Many ships sailing for Mecca sailed from Surat.

Why do towns grow around temples?

Note: Towns grew around temples because temples are always central to economy and society. Temple authorities used their wealth to finance trade and banking. Also, the large number of pilgrims provided ample opportunities for traders and artisans to conduct their business and earn their living.

What were Sthapatis famous for?

It had huge markets selling grains, spices, clothes and jewellery. Many communities like the Sthapatis or sculpture makers, Saliya weavers related to temple activities lived here. It was a great pilgrim town of the period.

Who lived in black towns?

Merchants, artisans (such as weavers), native traders and craftspersons lived in the ‘Black Towns’.